Design and Build a Permanent Magnet Generator With the Axsial Flux Method

Abstract

Electricity is a crucial necessity in modern life, significantly influencing the well-being of communities and workforce productivity. In Indonesia, especially in West Kalimantan, electricity supply is managed by the State Electricity Company (PLN). However, PLN services do not yet reach all regions. To address this issue, this study proposes the design and development of a permanent magnet generator using the axial flux method as an alternative solution for generating electricity in underserved areas The generator is designed to convert natural energy into electrical energy. It utilizes permanent magnets attached to a rotor that rotates axially, while the stator consists of copper wire windings. As the rotor spins, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets cuts through the stator windings, inducing an electric current. The system operates with an input voltage of 12 volts and can produce an output of up to 220 volts with a minimum current of 2 amperes. The generator has a stator diameter of 16 cm, 12 permanent magnets, approximately 1,953 turns of 0.2 mm enamel-coated copper wire, and a 0.8 mm air gap between the stator and magnets. Key parameters observed during testing include current, voltage, and frequency under various electrical loads. The test results showed that the device could generate current and voltage with reasonable accuracy. However, repeated trials revealed slight variations in output values, resulting in inconsistencies in data collection. Additionally, it was observed that the generator’s rotational speed decreased as the electrical load increased, due to the higher demand imposed on the generator. This research demonstrates the potential of axial flux permanent magnet generators as a decentralized and renewable energy solution, particularly for remote areas lacking reliable access to electricity.